Syllabus

Table of Content

• C Basics
• C Variables and Constants
• C Data Types
• C Input/Output
• C Operators
• C Control Statements and Decision-Making
• C Functions
• C Arrays & Strings
• C Pointers
• C User-Defined Data Types
• C Storage Classes
• C Memory Management
• C Preprocessor
• C File Handling
• C Error Handling
• C Programs
• Miscellaneous
• C Interview Questions

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C Basics

• C Language Introduction
• Features of C Programming Language
• C Programming Language Standard
• Setting Up C Development Environment
• C Hello World Program
• Compiling a C Program: Behind the Scenes
• C Comments
• Tokens in C
• C Identifiers
• Keywords in C

C Variables and Constants

• C Variables
• Constants in C
• Const Qualifier in C
• Different Ways to Declare Variable as Constant in C
• Scope Rules in C
• Internal Linkage and External Linkage in C
• Global Variables in C

C Data Types

• Data Types in C
• Data Type Modifiers in C
• Literals in C
• Escape Sequence in C
• bool in C
• Integer Promotions in C
• Character Arithmetic in C
• Type Conversion in C

C Input/Output

• Basic Input and Output in C
• Format Specifiers in C
• printf in C
• scanf in C
• Scansets in C
• Formatted and Unformatted Input and Output Functions

C Operators

• Operators in C
• Arithmetic Operators in C
• Unary Operators in C
• Relational Operators in C
• Bitwise Operators in C
• Logical Operators in C
• Assignment Operators in C
• Increment and Decrement Operators in C
• Conditional or Ternary Operator (?:) in C
• sizeof Operator in C
• Operator Precedence and Associativity in C

C Control Statements and Decision-Making

• Decision-Making in C
• C if Statement
• C if…else Statement
• C if-else-if Ladder
• Switch Statement in C
• Using Range in switch case in C
• Loops in C (for, while, do…while)
• for versus while Loop
• continue, break, goto Statements in C

C Functions

• C Functions
• User-Defined Function in C
• Parameter Passing Techniques in C
• Importance of Function Prototype in C
• Return Multiple Values From a Function
• main Function in C
• Implicit Return Type int in C
• Callbacks in C
• Nested Functions in C
• Variadic Functions in C
• _Noreturn Function Specifier in C
• Predefined Identifier __func__ in C
• Math Functions in C

C Arrays & Strings

• C Arrays and Properties
• Multidimensional Arrays in C
• Initialization of Multidimensional Arrays in C
• Passing Arrays to Functions in C
• Passing 2D Arrays as Parameters in C
• Data Types for Which Array is Not Possible
• Passing an Array by Value in C
• Strings in C
• An Array of Strings in C
• Difference Between Single Quoted and Double Quoted Initialization
• String Functions in C

C Pointers

• C Pointers
• Pointer Arithmetic in C
• Pointer to Pointer (Double Pointer) in C
• Function Pointer in C
• Declaring Function Pointer in C
• Pointer to an Array in C
• Constant Pointer in C
• Pointer vs Array in C
• Dangling, Void, Null, and Wild Pointers
• Near, Far, and Huge Pointers in C
• restrict Keyword in C

C User-Defined Data Types

• C Structures
• dot (.) Operator in C
• C typedef
• Structure Member Alignment, Padding, and Data Packing
• Flexible Array Members in a Structure in C
• C Unions
• Bit Fields in C
• Difference Between Structure and Union in C
• Anonymous Union and Structure in C
• Enumeration (enum) in C

C Storage Classes

• Storage Classes in C
• extern Keyword in C
• Static Variables and Functions in C
• Initialization of Static Variables in C
• Understanding “volatile” Qualifier in C
• Understanding the “register” Keyword in C

C Memory Management

• Memory Layout of C Programs
• Dynamic Memory Allocation in C
• malloc() vs calloc()
• Memory Leaks in C
• Dynamic Arrays in C
• Dynamically Allocate a 2D Array in C
• Dynamically Growing Array in C

C Preprocessor

• C Preprocessors and Directives
• How a Preprocessor Works in C
• Header Files in C
• stdio.h vs stdlib.h
• Writing Your Own Header Files in C
• Macros and Their Types in C
• # and ## Operators in C
• Multiline Macros in C
• Variable Length Arguments for Macros
• Branch Prediction Macros in GCC
• typedef vs #define in C
• #define vs const in C

C File Handling

• Basics of File Handling in C
• C fopen() Function
• EOF, getc() and feof() in C
• fgets() and gets() in C
• fseek() vs rewind() in C
• getchar(), fgetc() and getc()
• Read/Write Structure From/to a File
• Printing Contents of File
• File Deletion Program in C
• Merging File Contents into a Third File
• printf, sprintf vs fprintf
• getc(), getchar(), getch() and getche()

C Error Handling

• Error Handling in C
• Using goto for Exception Handling in C
• Error Handling During File Operations
• Handling Divide By Zero and Multiple Exceptions

C Programs

• Basic C Programs
• Control Flow Programs
• Pattern Printing Programs
• Functions Programs
• Arrays Programs
• Strings Programs
• Conversions Programs
• Pointers Programs
• Structures and Unions Programs
• File I/O Programs
• Date and Time Programs

Data Structures

• Introduction to Data Structures
• Arrays and their Operations
• Polynomials
  • Representation
  • Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division
• Linked Lists
  • Singly Linked List
  • Doubly Linked List
  • Circular Linked List
• Binary Search Tree (BST)
  • Insert
  • Search
  • Update
  • Traversal (In-order, Pre-order, Post-order)
• Stacks
  • Stack Using Arrays
  • Stack Using Linked List
  • Stack Operations (Push, Pop, Peek)
• Queues
  • Queue Using Arrays
  • Queue Using Linked List
  • Circular Queue
  • Priority Queue
  • Queue Operations (Enqueue, Dequeue, Peek)
• Advanced Matrix Algorithms
  • Inverse
  • Determinant
  • Dominant Eigenvalue and Vector
• Trees
  • Binary Trees
  • Binary Search Tree (BST)
  • Tree Traversal Techniques (In-order, Pre-order, Post-order)
  • Breadth First Search (BFS)
  • Depth First Search (DFS)
• Advanced Trees
  • AVL Tree
• Graph Theory
  • Introduction to Graphs
  • Graph Representation (Adjacency Matrix, Adjacency List)
  • Graph Traversal Algorithms (BFS, DFS)